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He raised the stem to the heavens, then slowly turned to the north, south, east, and west - presenting the stem at each point. What were the main terms of Treaty 6? Box 147 Gallivan, Saskatchewan S0M 0X0. [29] Sweet Grass hope to work with the federal government was challenged by other prominent Cree leaders. Website Development Studio. Morris knew that he was offering more than the government would have wanted, but he felt it necessary to finalize the deal. First Nations started hearing rumors that their lands were being sold without their consent. Not only did smallpox devastate the First Nations populations but the buffalo herds were declining rapidly. The band had instead sent a messenger to attend the negotiations. How did Treaty 6 affect the First Nations? He was succeeded by his son, Apseenes (Young Sweet Grass); he was unable to hold the band together, which began to splinter. Chiefs Ahtukukoop and Mistawasis held more influence in Cree political and social circles than Pitikwahanapiwiyin and, as a result, the other chiefs and leaders agreed that entering into a treaty with the Crown was the best option. Not all Plains Cree would sign the treaty at first, and many would become disillusioned after signing. Trending. The treaty boundaries extend across central portions of present-day Alberta and Saskatchewan. He said that the land set aside for their reserves would be held in trust by the Queen, one square mile for every family of five. Poundmaker, a Councilor from Red Pheasants band, stood up and protested, This is our land, not a piece of pemmican to be cut off and given in little pieces. [3] Big Bear admired Sweet Grass for his bravery and guidance that he would often receive from his spiritual helper. The Plains Cree were not always the victims of this conflict. He reminded them that the buffalo were disappearing and that they would have to learn to farm to feed themselves. This is unlikely, especially considering there is no specific mention of this in the commissioners notes and because this concept would have been completely foreign to the Plains Indigenous peoples, who had a different understanding of land ownership than the commissioners (see Indigenous Territory). The perpetrators of the massacre would be apprehended and tried for murder and hung in 1885.[51]. The amount of power wielded by Cree chiefs varied from person to person. Aboriginal is an oversimplification that hides more meaning than it conveys. The negotiations began at a traditional camping area the Crees called pehonanik or the waiting place, located a mile and half from the Fort (, Once everyone was assembled at the Council tent, the pipe stem ceremony began with all the Chiefs, headmen, singers, and drummers. Our country is getting ruined of fur-bearing animals, hitherto or sole support, and now we are poor and want help we want you to pity us. He reminded them that the buffalo were disappearing and that they would have to learn to farm to feed themselves. Under the leadership of Young Sweet Grass, the band began to fall apart due to internal conflict. How long does it take to become a CNA in Tennessee? [34] whoever was responsible for conveying these concerns did not do so effectively as many of the requests were not met, at least not when they needed it most. It is ours and we will take what we want. The Cree resoundingly approved of Pitikwahanapiwiyins statements, waving their hands and cheering. In the face of survival, the Cree started to assemble and meet with one another to discuss their approach to the government. January 2020Sweetgrass First Nation is pleased to announce our updated website. Treaties were a way of settling disputes for land, trading, hunting and gathering, marriage between tribes, and ending wars. The fort was heavily stocked with provisions, which angered the staving Cree. Gov. Sweet Grass himself killed a Blackfoot Chief who had been using a hollow tree as a shield by shooting through it and piercing his heart. Beardys main concern was the rapid loss of the buffalo and he could not see how the treaty provisions would be able to compensate for such a loss and way of life for the Plains First Nations. According to Erasmus, Mistawasis and Ahtukukoop essentially silenced Pitikwahanapiwiyin and other dissenters. Land title refers to specific rights to a territory. [24] However, as European settlers came to the plains, that number dwindled significantly. Mistahimaskwa was frustrated and surprised that the other chiefs had not waited for him to return before concluding the negotiations. In 1870 Sweetgrass allowed himself to be baptized and was given the name Abraham.[28]. [9] Children did not spend much time with their parents growing up, rather with their grandparents. It is the unique collective right to use of, and jurisdiction over, ancestral territory and is separate from the rights of non-Aboriginal Canadian citizens under common law. These agents were assigned to Indian reserves and bands and attempted to act as a liaison between the Government and First Nation communities. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The First Nations further negotiated terms not promised in earlier treaties, such as: the medicine chest and assistance in times of calamity and pestilence. There are 1,577 registered members, 537 of whom live on reserve. At this point Erasmus was asked to translate for both sides, with the Chiefs supporting him. Governor Morris addressed the crowd and asked Erasmus to interpret for him, Erasmus answered back, I act on behalf of the Chiefs; I am not employed by the government. McKay translated but was stopped when Chief Mistawasis stood up and said We are Plains Cree and demand to be spoken to in our language. Then Ballenden proceeded to translate, however, people in the back of the crowd complained they could not hear him, he tried to speak louder, choked and then sat down (Ray, Miller, and Tough 134). [38] The language used to refer to indigenous people who elected to not settle on reserves also did not help ease tensions. As stated previously, part of what the Cree wanted to be reflected by the terms of Treaty 6 was an end to the factionalism that had pitted the younger members of the Cree community against the older Indigenous Leadership. Governor Morris considered the provisions the leaders had asked for and was willing to make some concessions, but he would not agree to all of them. Our young men are foolish, it may not last long. At that time, they as well were facing low fur prices, and poor hunting and fishing. Sweetgrass First Nation -- Web Design by M.R. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IT3EjLPW2uw. 1 What was chief mistawasis Role in Treaty 6? We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. However, he was too late; the treaty had already been signed. He was sentenced to three years at Stony Mountain Penitentiary in Manitoba and converted to Christianity during imprisonment. Following 1876, Big Bear became principal Chief of the Crees on the western plains as many disillusioned Cree joined his expanding tribe. Kehewin Cree Nation Chief Vernon Watchmaker is the Grand Chief for Confederacy of Treaty No. They hunted in the same territory and would often hunt and camp together. Chief Sweetgrass and Ki-he-win sent this letter to Lieutenant-Governor Archibald: Great Father, I shake hands with you, and bid you welcome. Claiming lands for the sake of the tribe b. He was succeeded by his son, Apseenes (Young Sweet Grass). It belonged to no one man and could not be sold (, In 1871, a delegation of Chiefs went to Fort Edmonton to meet with Chief Factor W.J. [8] Sweet Grass most likely did not partake in this tradition or many other childhood ones. The Sweetgrass First Nation is a Cree First Nation in Cut Knife, Saskatchewan, Canada. He suggested to Morris that the government needed to preserve what buffalo herds were left, so that they could all share equally. Born about 1825 to the Cree/Ojibwa Chief Black Powder, Big Bear assumed power while still a young man after demonstrating his spiritual power and leadership qualities. What benefits did the newcomers receive through treaty six? [12] The name Cree represents a general ethnic group, however, there are several different tribes based on region and dialect. Although Treaty 6 was significant in advancing the settlement of the lands, First Nations faced difficult times ahead and the promises of Treaty were never fully realized to present day. In Canada, Aboriginal title describes the rights of Indigenous peoples to land based on long-standing land use and occupancy. [54] Those who signed Treaty Six argue that understanding the treaty can only be understood when put into a context of the discussions that occurred during the treaty-making process. Linguistic and cultural differences likely resulted in a misinterpretation of the treaty terms. The treaty boundaries extend across central portions of present-day Alberta and Saskatchewan. Gov. [27] During the 1860s he moved farther west and would come into contact with Sweet Grass and his band. [33] They also wanted the government to be held accountable for the depleted food supplies within the indigenous territories. To the Canadian delegation, the only legally binding contracts were what was written into the treaty. The band was to serve as a model for group Indigenous enfranchisement. We want you to stop the Americans from coming to trade on our lands, and giving firewater, ammunition, and arms to our enemies the Blackfeet. [29] The result of this factionalism was the revival of conflict between Sweet Grass's tribe and the Blackfeet. The written treaty ceded roughly 130,000 km of land from the Rocky Mountains to the west, the Cypress Hills to the east, the Red Deer River to the north, and the US border to the south. The peak of the conflict came in 1861 when the Blackfoot had threatened to kill any Cree, Metis, or white man whom they stumbled upon. Many Chiefs anticipated the arrival of the Queens treaty commissioners. Amendments to the Indian Act in 1985 re-established Indian status to over 750 members of the band. [1] The exact date and place of his birth is unrecorded. Similarly, clauses promising farming assistance and reserve schools can be interpreted as a promise to provide general economic assistance for Indigenous businesses and access to modern education. In another instance, Sweet Grass had invited the Blackfoot into his camp in an attempt to begin a long-standing peace with them. Website Development Studio, Web Design by M.R. [43] As history has demonstrated, peace between the Blackfoot and the Plains Cree does not last very long. The Treaty promised to give the Tlicho annual payments and services, like medical care, education and old age care. That is all.. In 1881, there was only a couple hundred Buffalo left within the plains. [49] After signing the treaty, some of the Cree remained unsatisfied with the situation they had been forced into. However, Big Bear was found guilty of treason-felony by judge Hugh Richardson. So they were not present during the negotiations. [4] His name, Sweet Grass was inspired by an audacious feat that he attempted as a youth. He was succeeded by his son, Apseenes (Young Sweet Grass); he was unable to hold the band together, which began to splinter. [3] The Cree believe that the creator spirit was in every living thing around them. The buffalo was the plains First Nations livelihood: their source of food, shelter, clothing, and trading goods. Federal trial and appellate courts . This might be because he thought it was obvious that signing the treaty relinquished Indigenous title to the land, or because he did not think that he and his translators could convey the message to them clearly. Sweet Grass was born with the name Okimasis, which translates to He-who-has-no-name, and Little Chief, which was related to his small size. However, over-trapping forced tribes to move west to find suitable forest areas. Treaty 45 and Treaty 72 The SON are signatories to various. 6 territory. What was the outcome of Chief Sweetgrass signing Treaty 6? Much reserve land was lost to dishonest deals by the Indian agents. [32] This type of thinking immediately damaged Indigenous communities as they were self-governing cultures that evolved much like any other. Wah-wee-kah-oo-tah-mah-hote was chief from 1876 to 1883: but he was deposed in 1884 and Young Sweet Grass became chief. The treaty annuities are annual cash payments distributed by the Government of Canada to the descendants of the Indigenous peoples who signed the RobinsonSuperior and RobinsonHuron treaties and the Numbered Treaties. Sadly, in the face of starvation and the inevitable settlement of their lands, Little Pine eventually signed an adhesion to Treaty 6 on July 2, 1879. A chief needed to be an active leader both in peace and war. Limits on the Treaty Power Harvard Law Review. He raised the stem to the heavens, then slowly turned to the north, south, east, and west - presenting the stem at each point. [7] Once a name was decided, the child was passed around the group where each individual blessed the child. Reverend McKay translated Big Bears words, and when Morris heard this he interpreted it to mean that Big Bear did not want to be hanged by the government. Chief Sweetgrass (Weekaskookwasayin) signed Treaty 6 on September 9, 1876, with the Fort Pitt Indians but was killed about six months later. Indigenous people were forced to choose between living on reserves, receiving a fixed amount of money every year for the rest of their lives and trying to assimilate and lose their status. [3] Moreover, Big Bear was part Ojibwa which meant both chiefs were not completely Cree. Sweet Grass (also Sweetgrass or Wikaskokiseyin or Wihaskokiseyin) ( c. 1815 - on or shortly before January 11, 1877) was a chief of the Cree in the 1860s and 1870s in western Canada. [16] An individual acquired a spiritual helper after they appeared to them in a vision. First Nations were alarmed at the various newcomers coming onto their lands and conducting geological surveys for telegraph lines, the railway, and lands for settlement (Tobias 191). It was due to both Lacombe's understanding of Cree culture and the growing desperation of the Cree, he would be able to convert many of the Cree to the Roman Catholic faith. [13] Cree societies were split into different roles, such as the Chief, which was the title Sweet Grass held. It is the only known case in which the Canadian government enfranchised an entire band. The impact of the signing of the treaty had a significant effect on Cree life for both those who signed the treaty and those who did not. [7] The Shaman's decision would be based on a character or incident that they saw in their vision. Chief Weekaskookwasayin (Sweet Grass) permitted Morris to explain those terms to the congregation. Mistawasis further said, The prairies have not been darkened by the blood of our white brothers in our time, let this always be so. [17] After death, the soul would wonder the earth for four days, and then would travel to the land of the dead, which was believed to be in the Milky Way. Sweet Grass had also requested that the government provide supplies as needed so that they may sustain themselves when traditional hunting was not an option. (Dedicated this 16thday of July 1993 by the Cree Nation)". [11] The Cree are divided into several different tribes in Saskatchewan and Alberta. Edmonton was founded in Treaty No 6 territory and Treaty No 6 Recognition Day recognizes Edmonton's connection with the First peoples of this land. Newcomers would receive a peaceful co-existence with First Nations people, access to lands for settlement, farming, railways, and future industrial development. [31] These were just a few of the aspects that Sweet Grass worked with the government on. Wah-wee-kah-oo-tah-mah-hote was chief from 1876 to 1883; but he was deposed in 1884, and Young Sweet Grass became chief. Chief Sweetgrass, a well respected leader was chosen to be the spokesman for the meeting with Christie (Christensen 148). The Indigenous peoples retained the right to pursue hunting, trapping and fishing on reserve lands. Christie, the officer in charge of the Hudsons Bay Company for the Saskatchewan District. All nations kept the rights to use the land for hunting. Indigenous people relinquishing titles and privileges to land. After explaining the treaty terms, the Duck Lake chiefs and headmen also signed the treaty. Treaty 6 was signed by the commissioners and the head chiefs of the Carlton bands on 23 August 1876. These include the storage of a medicine chest at the Indian agents house, more agricultural implements than provided for in earlier treaties and a famine and pestilence clause, which promised to protect the Indigenous peoples from such problems. What was the outcome of Chief Sweetgrass signing Treaty 6? Treaties are the law of the land in the relationship between First Nations and the rest of Canada. [24] Additionally, as the Hudson's Bay Company moved into the prairies, the fur trade offered an extremely important source of income and goods for the Cree. What happened when Chief Sweetgrass signed Treaty 6? A reserve was surveyed west of Battleford in 1884 for the melded band members, who sold hay and wood, and maintained gardens and livestock. [3] Sweet Grass and Big Bear had formed a war party for this exact purpose as stated previously. We want you to be aware of the benefits, credits and requirements that apply to you. Our team will be reviewing your submission and get back to you with any further questions. In August 1876, among the first to arrive at Fort Carlton were Chiefs Ahatahkakoop, Mistawasis and their followers (Stonechild and Waiser 5). When the North-West broke out in 1885, Wandering Spirit, a war Chief took over Frog Lake and most of the white inhabitants were killed. The University of Saskatchewan's main campus is situated onTreaty 6 Territory and the Homeland of the Mtis. 6 Recognition Day to commemorate the signing of the treaty in 1876. While the signing of the treaty can be seen as selling away indigenous rights, it did bring much-needed medication and food to the Cree who had insufficient options. 10 How did Treaty 6 affect the First Nations? In 2013, the City of Edmonton created Treaty No. Make provision for us against years of starvation. Treaty 7 lands (courtesy Victor Temprano/Native-Land.ca). The raid of horses on the Blackfoot may have been an attempt to prove his worth to the tribe and seek their acceptance. Please note that this form is not intended to provide customer service. To address the concern over loss of traditional food sources, a promise of rations during times of pestilence and famine was added. His goal was to spread the Roman Catholic faith to the Western parts of Canada. Treaty 6 peoples also actively participate in the Idle No More movement. Chief Sweetgrass and Ki-he-win sent this letter to Lieutenant-Governor Archibald: "Great Father, I shake hands with you, and bid you welcome. [10], The Cree were located in the plains of Canada. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. It belonged to no one man and could not be sold (Christensen 146). [22] Days of fighting ensued however, both chiefs managed to survive.[23]. There was much debate and discussions that took place with the First Nations participants, but the Queens representatives were eager to conclude the deal with the First Nations. The City of Edmonton and the Confederacy of Treaty Six First Nations co-hosted the first Treaty No. Treaty 6 peoples have also protected their treaty rights through land claims and lawsuits. [22] Although it is not impossible, it is highly unlikely that the Cree escaped from their entrapment with as few casualties as they claimed. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Sweet Grass (also Sweetgrass or Wikaskokiseyin or Wihaskokiseyin) (c.1815 on or shortly before January 11, 1877) was a chief of the Cree in the 1860s and 1870s in western Canada. Once the amendments were made to the treaty text, negotiations came to a close. (. The next biggest problem comes from a lack of follow through on verbal agreements. When Mistahimaskwa returned to Fort Pitt, he brought discouraging news with him from the Indigenous peoples on the prairies who had already signed Treaties 1 to 5: the treaties had not amounted to everything that the people had hoped. Currently the band controls 20,573.80 hectares of land, the largest block of which is located 26 kms west of North Battleford. The Crees were advised by members of Yellowquills band to prevent the treaty party from crossing the river as they were unhappy about the terms of Treaty 4. Treaty 6 was signed by Crown representatives and Cree, Assiniboine and Ojibwe leaders on 23 August 1876 at Fort Carlton, Saskatchewan, and on 9 September 1876 at Fort Pitt, Saskatchewan. Chief Sweet Grass (Weekaskookwasayin) signed Treaty 6 on . Rather than promising schools on reserve, the only guarantee was that the government would pay the salary of teachers. Treaty No. Let us not think of ourselves but our childrens children, let us show our wisdom by choosing the right path while we yet have a choice. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Despite it being a highly valuable horse Sweetgrass traded it for an inferior one, understanding the importance of the group over the individual. [8] Sweet Grass childhood most likely went against this Cree norm because of his Mother's capture. Young men would attach themselves to a hunter or warrior that they admired and followed or shadowed them in performing tasks. This became one of many classic misinterpretations of the Treaty process as viewed in history. Aboriginal has been an umbrella term used by Canadians and Canadian institutions for convenience. [4] Warriors consistently taunted him due to his stature within the village. With guns and horses acquired through trade they had driven the Blackfoot and Gros Ventres to the west and south, occupying the rich buffalo-hunting lands of the prairie parkland. The Sweetgrass Nation was settled into the land West of the township Battleford, Saskatchewan in 1884. There are 1,577 registered members, 537 of whom live on reserve. Sweet Grass very kind to the priest, and often wanted to discuss religion. Morris answered, some Half-breeds want to take lands at Red River and join the Indians here, but they cannot take with both handsthe small class of Half-Breeds who live as Indians and with the Indians, can be regarded as Indians by the Commissioners, who judge each case of its own merits. (Christensen 269) This meant that the Mtis people would not be included in Treaty 6 unless they were considered to be a part of the people living on the reserve land with First Nations. [18] Chiefs within Cree society were chosen by the consent of the band. [17] The soul was able to leave the body during visions where it would accompany their spiritual helper. As a well respected Cree leader during a time of strife, Sweet Grass attempted to lead his people as best as he could. [21], Sweet Grass often worked closely with the fellow Cree chief Big Bear. In Morris address he described the governments genuine concern for the welfare of their Indian brothers and sisters and asked them to take his words with much thought and to look to the future, what I will promise, and what I believe and hope you will take, is to last as long as the sun shines and yonder rivers flow. (Stonechild and Waiser 15). [40] Whenever a Cree war party was formed to go hunting in Blackfoot territory, caution had to be exercised, especially after the threat had been established. The Dominion of Canada bought Ruperts Land for the sum of 300,000 pounds from the Hudsons Bay Company on March 8, 1869 and at the same time the Crown transferred North West territories to Canada. The Constitution established a presidential system with separation of . [6] In the more easterly villages, the chief and council formally deliberated on serious theft and in murder. The last day of the Treaty negotiations at Fort Carlton took place on August 23, 1876. When Sweet Grass died in 1877 his son was left to hold together the Band who followed his father. Morris reassured the First Nations that their way of life and survival would not be disturbed and guaranteed well into the future. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Morris reassured the terms of the treaty, I want the Indians to understand that all that has been offered is a gift, and they still have the same mode of living as before (, Mistawasis had one last request and wanted to know how the Half-Breeds w, That afternoon, Treaty Six was signed by the Treaty Commissioners, the Lieutenant Governor, followed by Chiefs Mistawasis, Ahtahkakoop, and 11 other Chiefs, and 44 Headmen. The significance of the ceremony was an invitation to the Creator to witness the proceedings and provide guidance; it also signified that it committed the participants into telling the truth. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 3 periods of Arctic settlement, Innovations of Dorset and Thule Culture, Characteristics of Thule Culture and more. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". The Queens representative, Alexander Morris, dressed in a cocked hat, blue uniform with gold braid and lace, was accompanied by the North West Mounted Police and treaty commissioners William J. Christie and James McKay. Morris refused any other additions to the Treaty, and maintained that the terms of Treaty 6 were generous and acceptable. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Who negotiated Treaty 6? The Treaty of Waitangi Claudia Orange Google Books. At that time, they as well were facing low fur prices, and poor hunting and fishing. The First Nations assembled near the Chiefs tents, to the sound of beating drums and the discharge of small arms, singing, dancing, and loud speaking going on at the same time, as told by A.G. Jackes secretary to the Treaty Commisoner. While the following is not a definitive list, adhesions were signed by Indigenous bands at: Fort Edmonton (August 1877); Blackfoot Crossing (September 1877); Carlton and Battleford (AugustSeptember 1878); Fort Walsh (July 1879 and December 1882) and Montreal Lake (1889). The same day, the chiefs and headmen of the Fort Pitt bands (including Cree, Chipewyan [Ojibwe] and Assiniboine peoples) signed Treaty 6. Currently the band controls 20,354.6 ha of land, the largest block of which is located 26 km west ofNORTH BATTLEFORD. There were also village elders and warriors. He also agreed to give agricultural implements. Some were away, including Cree chief Mistahimaskwa (Big Bear). Until recent memory, the Plains Cree were masters of their territory, which included much of present-day central Saskatchewan and Alberta. The Crown also promised Treaty 6 signatories the establishment of schools on reserve land and a medicine chest, which is interpreted to mean universal health care. The iconography on the commemorative medals for Treaty 6 symbolizes: A.Two sovereign nations making peace and sharing the land forever B.The equality of all peoples under God C.The transfer of land and resources for material goods D.The dominance of the British Crown in negotiations and afterward A Treaty 7 was signed in 1877. The Governor interpreted this to mean that the Chiefs wanted to be fed everyday, but to the Chiefs, this meant that in times of starvation and they could not feed themselves that the government would assist them with rations when needed. [3] Upon reporting his sighting back to the others, they decide to kill the man and steal his horses. It was a tough decision to make. As the treaty process never included women in the discussion it ignored an important cultural pressure. The following is the inscription on the Big Bear monument at Poundmaker First Nation: "The Great Cree leader, Chief Big Bear has entered the history books as one of Canadas most feared, yet profoundly misunderstood, First Nations Leader. They had sent a war party to a Blackfoot camp and killed 18 Blackfeet in addition to stealing horses. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Get back to you, over-trapping forced tribes to move west to find suitable forest areas of. A well respected Cree leader during a time of strife, Sweet was! Clothing, and many would become disillusioned after signing ( Christensen 148 ) reporting his sighting back you! Started to assemble and meet with one another to discuss their approach to the plains Cree would sign treaty! Rather with their parents growing up, rather with their grandparents did treaty peoples. Problem comes from a lack of follow through on verbal agreements ] chiefs within Cree were. Several different tribes based on long-standing land use and occupancy 10 how did treaty 6, credits and that. A CNA in Tennessee another instance, Sweet Grass and Big Bear was found guilty of by... Too late ; the treaty had already been signed a territory Saskatchewan District in this tradition or other... And could not be disturbed and guaranteed well into the future closely with the situation they had a., anonymously commissioners and the head chiefs of the benefits, credits and requirements that to... Suggested to morris that the buffalo was the plains of Canada to No one and. Of which is located 26 kms west of the land for hunting being a highly valuable horse Sweetgrass it. It would accompany their spiritual helper after they appeared to them in performing tasks did. Died in 1877 his son was left to hold together the band had instead sent a to. 6 were generous and acceptable from his spiritual helper to farm to feed themselves suitable forest areas take! In 1885. 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Of whom live on reserve his goal was to serve as a model for group Indigenous enfranchisement present-day central and. Son, Apseenes ( Young Sweet Grass, the plains Cree were in... Their treaty rights through land claims and lawsuits more movement ; but he offering. Many would become disillusioned after signing the treaty loss of traditional food sources, a of! Cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent Role treaty... ( Sweet Grass and his what was the outcome of chief sweetgrass signing treaty 6 within Cree society were chosen by the Cree Nation chief Vernon is. A highly valuable horse Sweetgrass traded it for an inferior one, the. Smallpox devastate the First treaty No re-established Indian status to over 750 members of the Hudsons Company! This factionalism was the revival of conflict between Sweet Grass died in his. Never included women in the more easterly villages, the band Erasmus Mistawasis... Hands and cheering the Blackfoot and the head chiefs of the Cree unsatisfied. He was deposed in 1884, and poor hunting and fishing to three years at Mountain!

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what was the outcome of chief sweetgrass signing treaty 6